• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device for the instantaneous correction of wind flow measurements in wind turbines. The device is constituted from a data acquisition circuit (5), circuit connected to a horizontal wind speed sensor or anemometer (10) located behind the blades (7) of the rotor (8) of the nacelle (9) of the wind turbine (1), as well as to a sensorization system (11) of the exact position of the blades (7) of the wind turbine (1). By means of this data acquisition device, instantaneous calculations can be made, so that the position data of the blades and the wind and atmospheric and wind turbine conditions are collected and the matrices of the effects measured during the period are applied. of data analysis in reverse. In this way, the effect of the passage of the blades and the effect that the entire wind turbine has on the free wind is corrected, returning the corrected free wind flow measurement data. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2703974A1
    申请号:ES201731108
    申请日:2017-09-12
    公开日:2019-03-13
    发明作者:Kate Elsbeth Benetis
    申请人:Kate Elsbeth Benetis；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] DEVICE FOR INSTANT CORRECTION OF FLOW MEASURES
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention refers to a device that has been specially designed to be installed in wind turbines, in order to optimize its operation and know its efficiency in real time.
    [0007]
    [0008] The object of the invention is to provide a device that allows to correct in real time the measurement of the wind flow at the height of the hub of a wind turbine of one or more blades in which the measurement of the wind sensors (anemometers and vanes) are disturbed by the passage of air through the blades.
    [0009]
    [0010] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0011]
    [0012] Although wind turbines have wind sensors such as anemometers and vanes when adjusting the position of the nacelle to optimize their performance and / or activate safety braking systems, the reality is that these sensors are located behind the blades of the wind turbine , so that the air that passes through them is disturbed by the configuration of these being the case in many cases that the direction and / or speed of the "free" wind does not correspond faithfully with the measurement by these instruments.
    [0013]
    [0014] This causes the wind turbine not to work optimally, its performance being reduced, with the consequent economic loss that this entails.
    [0015]
    [0016] For the same reason, it is impossible to know with these gondola measuring instruments the real efficiency of wind turbines.
    [0017] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0018]
    [0019] The device for the instantaneous correction of the measures of the wind flow in wind turbines that is recommended solves in a fully satisfactory way the problems previously exposed, so that by means of the data acquisition device, instantaneous calculations can be performed according to the data of position of the blades and the wind values and atmospheric conditions of the wind turbine to which matrices of the measured effects are applied during a period of data analysis in inverse manner. In this way, the effect of the passage of the blades and the effect that the entire wind turbine has on the free wind is corrected, returning the corrected free wind flow data.
    [0020]
    [0021] For this, and more specifically, the device of the invention is constituted from a data acquisition circuit to which an anemometer or horizontal wind speed sensor located behind the blades of the wind turbine, which can be accompanied of a second anemometer designed to measure the vertical component of the wind, a wind vane or horizontal wind direction sensor, also located behind the blades of the wind turbine and a sensor for the position of the blades of the wind turbine, through inductive sensors or any another conventional means that allows to know the relative position of the blades instantaneously.
    [0022]
    [0023] In order for the correction to be as close as possible to the speed or free direction of the wind, it is advisable, although not essential, that a previous measurement be made with a wind turbine of the same characteristics with a reference mast carrying meteorological instrumentation.
    [0024]
    [0025] In this first measure, with which comparative values will be collected between the mast sensors and those of the device placed in the wind turbine, it is advisable to collect the following signals from the mast:
    [0026]
    [0027] • Horizontal wind speed at rotor height
    [0028] • Horizontal wind speed at blade tip height
    [0029] • Horizontal direction of wind at rotor height
    [0030] • Temperature and relative humidity at <10m rotor height
    [0031] • Atmospheric pressure at <10m rotor height
    [0032] • Vertical wind speed at <10m rotor height
    [0033]
    [0034] In addition to the already described sensors, the device is also capable of incorporating another series of sensors to further optimize the performance of the wind turbine, such as atmospheric pressure sensors, air temperature sensors, relative humidity sensors as well as the aforementioned sensors. of vertical wind speed.
    [0035]
    [0036] The circuit of the data acquisition system is capable of performing calculations with the data obtained from the sensors in real time for collection and correction of wind data.
    [0037]
    [0038] Likewise, the device will incorporate free analog and digital inputs to be able to introduce other signals that come from the wind turbine or other sensors that could increase the accuracy of the calculated measurement such as:
    [0039]
    [0040] • Pitch position
    [0041] • Measurement of power generated, total and consumptions
    [0042] • Gondola azimuth
    [0043] • Signal of availability of the wind turbine according to the norm "IEC 6140012-1 edition 2" • Density of the air (possibility of calculating this value if temperature and air pressure are known)
    [0044]
    [0045] Once the device has collected the signals from the sensors included and other external sensors, this data is compared both in statistical and instantaneous values taking as reference the position of the pitch of the blade and the speed ranges, grouping statistically all the series of values depending on the position and pitch of each blade.
    [0046]
    [0047] Analyzing the effects of the position of each blade as a function of atmospheric conditions, a function is extracted that will be applied inversely to the measurements recorded in the wind sensors, such as horizontal anemometers, vertical anemometers and vanes, depending on the position of the blade and of the measurements recorded to return the real value of the free wind flow.
    [0048] The matrix extracted from the whole stack of values can be calculated by linear regression or interpolation, although other methods that better fit the resulting curve can also be used.
    [0049]
    [0050] Consequently, the novelty of the device of the invention lies in considering the position of the rotation of the blade, which can be measured with inductive sensors that indicate the steps of the pins of the hub to thereby accurately know the position of each of the Pallas.
    [0051]
    [0052] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0053]
    [0054] To complement the description that will be made below and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred embodiment of the same, a set of drawings is included as an integral part of said description. where, with illustrative and non-limiting character, the following has been represented:
    [0055]
    [0056] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the previous and optional data collection phase, recommended, to be taken into account when implementing the device of the invention.
    [0057]
    [0058] Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a gondola of a wind turbine in which a device has been implanted for the instantaneous correction of the wind measurements in wind turbines.
    [0059]
    [0060] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0061]
    [0062] In view of the figures described, and especially of Figure 1, it can be observed how it is advisable, although not essential, to carry out a process of collecting previous data, with a wind turbine (1) of the same characteristics as those of the wind turbine on which the device is to be implanted, so that a reference mast (2) carrying meteorological instrumentation such as those included in the standard "IEC 61400 12-1 edition 2" for the validity of the measurement and the wind sectors, as well as the calibration factors applied to the measurement collected by the sensors of the mast, in which participates at least one reference anemometer (3) and a reference vane (4).
    [0063]
    [0064] In case a previous site calibration has been carried out, we will refer as a simple reference to the requirements of the aforementioned standard and the annexes A, B and C of the same.
    [0065]
    [0066] For its part, in the wind turbine (1), and as shown in Figure 2, the device of the invention will be implemented, comprising a data acquisition circuit (5) with the possibility of real-time calculations for collection and Wind data correction and wind turbine data collection, circuit connected to a horizontal wind flow direction sensor or vane (6) located behind the blades (7) of the rotor (8) of the nacelle (9) of the wind turbine. wind turbine (1), also connected to a horizontal wind speed sensor or anemometer (10) and to a vertical wind flow sensor or vertical anemometer (18), located on the nacelle without filters and at a sampling frequency equal to or greater than 5 hertz.
    [0067]
    [0068] Said data acquisition circuit (5) is connected to a sensorization system (11), for example based on inductive sensors to know the exact position of the bolts (12) of the wind turbine slow shaft and thus know the exact position of the wind turbine. the blades (7), although it could be any other type of sensor that gave us the same information.
    [0069]
    [0070] Optionally, the device can include a series of sensors that can be added to the device to improve the reliability thereof and recommended to achieve the highest accuracy, such as a gondola positioning sensor (13) to know the orientation difference with respect to the vane (6) on the nacelle (9), an atmospheric pressure sensor (14), a temperature sensor (15), a relative humidity sensor (16) and a precipitation sensor (17), to know these values at gondola level (9).
    [0071]
    [0072] The device would have free analog and digital inputs to be able to introduce other signals coming from the wind turbine or other sensors not included in the lists for the device and that could increase the accuracy of the calculated measurement, such as pitch position, measurement of power generated, total and consumption, gondola azimuth, wind turbine availability signal according to the norm "IEC 61400 12-1 edition 2", density of air (possibility of calculating this value if temperature and air pressure are known), etc.
    [0073]
    [0074] Once the device has collected the signals from the sensors included and other external sensors, this data is compared both in statistical and instantaneous values taking as reference the position of the pitch of the blade and the speed ranges, grouping statistically all the series of values depending on the position and pitch of each blade.
    [0075]
    [0076] Analyzing the effects of the position of each blade (7) depending on the atmospheric conditions, a function is extracted, which could be of the matrix type, which will then be applied inversely to the measurements collected by the wind flow sensors, anemometers (10-18) and weather vane (6), depending on the position of the blade (7) and the recorded measurements, to return the real value of wind flow.
    [0077]
    [0078] Based on the resulting matrix of the values of the measurements collected, a function can be calculated by linear regression or interpolation, although other methods that provide a better fit can also be used.
    [0079]
    [0080] Following the procedure described, there is the possibility of correcting any of the measurements of anemometers (10-18) and weather vane (6), thus correcting the wind flow measurement in the three dimensions x, y, z based on the passage of the shovel (7).
    [0081]
    [0082] In order to simplify the calculation process, it can be considered that the effect of any of the blades (7) of the same wind turbine is identical, so that each blade step can be considered as if it were the same and group all the data collected from the steps of shovel in one. For example, for a three-bladed wind turbine, the 360 degrees of a complete rotation are grouped in 120 degrees that simulate the passage of a single blade that is repeated. The 360 degrees would be 180 in the case that the wind turbine had two blades and in 360 if the wind turbine had only one blade.
    [0083] From this structuring, a data acquisition device is obtained that can perform instantaneous calculations, so that the position data of the blades and the values of wind and atmospheric conditions and the wind turbine are collected and the matrices of the effects measured during the period of data analysis in reverse. In this way, the effect of the passage of the blades and the effect that the entire wind turbine has on the free wind is corrected, returning the data of the corrected free wind flow.
    [0084]
    [0085] This correction procedure can be cloned for wind turbines of similar characteristics, thus avoiding the need to repeat the data collection and analysis process, and being able to calculate the speed and free direction just by loading the correction matrix in a data acquisition device. with capacity to perform instantaneous calculations that have access to anemometers and vane and inductive sensors (or others) that indicate the instantaneous position of the blades or any other measure.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1a.- Device for the instantaneous correction of the measurements of wind flow in gondola in wind turbines, characterized in that it is constituted from a data acquisition circuit (5), circuit connected to a horizontal wind speed sensor or anemometer ( 10) located behind the blades (7) of the rotor (8) of the nacelle (9) of the wind turbine (1), also connected to a sensorization system (11) of the exact position of the blades (7) of the wind turbine (1). ), it being provided that said data acquisition circuit (5) includes means for comparing the signals obtained in both statistical and instantaneous values taking as reference the position of the pitch of the blade (7) and the speed ranges, grouping statistically the whole series of values as a function of the position and pitch of each blade, as well as the generation of a function applicable inversely to the signal of the gondola anemometer (10), depending of the position of the blade (7) and of the measurements recorded to return the value of the real wind speed.
    [2]
    2a.- Device for instantaneous correction of wind flow measurements in gondola in wind turbines, according to claim 1, characterized in that the data acquisition circuit (5) is associated with a horizontal wind flow direction sensor or vane ( 6).
    [3]
    3a.- Device for instantaneous correction of wind flow measurements in gondola in wind turbines, according to claim 1, characterized in that the data acquisition circuit (5) is associated with a vertical wind flow sensor or vertical anemometer (18). ) at the gondola level.
    [4]
    4a.- Device for instantaneous correction of wind flow measurements in gondola in wind turbines, according to claim 1, characterized in that the data acquisition circuit (5) is associated with a temperature sensor (15) at the gondola level .
    [5]
    5a.- Device for instantaneous correction of the measures of wind flow in gondola in wind turbines, according to claim 1, characterized in that the data acquisition circuit (5) is associated with a relative humidity sensor (16) at the level of the gondola.
    [6]
    6a.- Device for the instantaneous correction of the measurements of wind flow in gondola in wind turbines, according to claim 1, characterized in that the data acquisition circuit (5) is associated with a precipitation sensor (17) at the gondola level .
    [7]
    7a.- Device for instantaneous correction of wind flow measurements in gondola in wind turbines, according to claim 1, characterized in that the device includes free analog and digital inputs to be able to introduce other signals external to the wind turbine, such as the signals coming from a Reference mast (2) with weather instrumentation.
    [8]
    8a.- Device for the instantaneous correction of the measures of wind flow in gondola in wind turbines, according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensorization system (11), is capable of being obtained on the basis of inductive sensors to know the exact position of the bolts (12) of the slow shaft of the wind turbine and consequently the exact position of the blades (7).
    [9]
    9a.- Device for the instantaneous correction of the measurements of the gondola wind flow in wind turbines, according to claim 1, characterized in that the data acquisition circuit (5) is associated with a gondola positioning sensor (13).
    [10]
    10a.- Device for the instantaneous correction of the measurements of wind flow in gondola in wind turbines, according to claim 1, characterized in that the data acquisition circuit (5) is associated with an atmospheric pressure sensor (14) at the level of the gondola.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2703974B2|2019-09-10|
    WO2019053311A1|2019-03-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20120211986A1|2009-10-28|2012-08-23|Ssb Wind Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg|Wind sensor system using blade signals|
    US20130094961A1|2011-10-14|2013-04-18|Ian Couchman|Estimation of wind properties using a light detection and ranging device|
    US20150147175A1|2012-06-15|2015-05-28|Wobben Properties Gmbh|Wind turbine and method for controlling a wind turbine or a wind farm|
    US20140244188A1|2013-02-28|2014-08-28|International Business Machines Corporation|Forecasting output power of wind turbine in wind farm|
    US20150145253A1|2013-11-25|2015-05-28|IFP Energies Nouvelles|Wind turbine control and monitoring method using a wind speed estimation based on a lidar sensor|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201731108A|ES2703974B2|2017-09-12|2017-09-12|DEVICE FOR INSTANT CORRECTION OF WIND FLOW MEASURES IN AEROGENERATORS|ES201731108A| ES2703974B2|2017-09-12|2017-09-12|DEVICE FOR INSTANT CORRECTION OF WIND FLOW MEASURES IN AEROGENERATORS|
    PCT/ES2018/070592| WO2019053311A1|2017-09-12|2018-09-11|Device for the instant correction of wind flow measurements in wind turbines|
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